DRDO Ballistic Missile Defence System, India
It is news because DRDO is going to conduct a complex interceptor missile test. click here
It is a two tier Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) system being developed by DRDO to provide multi layered shield against ballistic missile attacks.
It is a two tier Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) system being developed by DRDO to provide multi layered shield against ballistic missile attacks.
Now what is a ballistic missile?
It is just like a diwali rocket but bigger in size and which is guided (Missile - Self propelled guided, Rocket - self propelled unguided). A ballistic missile is only guided during the relatively brief initial powered phase of flight, whose trajectory is subsequently governed by the laws of classical mechanics, in contrast (for example) to a cruise missile which is aerodynamically guided in powered flight.
Types of Ballistic Missiles
- Tactical ballistic missile: Range between about 150 km and 300 km
- Theatre ballistic missile (TBM): Range between 300 km and 3,500 km
Medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM): Range between 1,000 km and 3,500 km
- Intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) or long-range ballistic missile (LRBM): Range between 3,500 km and 5,500 km
- Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM): Range greater than 5500 km
- Submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM): Launched from ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs), all current designs have intercontinental range.
Coming back to BMD. The two-tier system is intended to destroy an incoming missile,
>> at a higher altitude, in the exo-atmosphere and if that miscarries,
>> an endo-atmospheric interception will take place.
It can intercept incoming missiles at exo-atmospheric altitudes of 150km and endo-atmospheric altitudes of 80km.
The BMD system consists of a
1. Prithvi Air Defence (PAD) missile and
2. Advanced Air Defence (AAD) Missile
The PAD intercepts missiles at altitudes between 50km-80km and the AAD missile destroys them at altitudes of 15km-30km.
PAD ballistic missile interceptor
>> PAD is a two stage missile based on the Prithvi missile.
>> Also known as Pradyumna, PAD has a maximum interception altitude of 80km.
>> The first stage is liquid fuelled and the second stage is solid fuelled.
>> It can engage the ballistic missiles (300km-2,000km range) at a speed of Mach 5.
AAD ballistic missile interceptor
>> AAD is a single stage solid rocket propelled guided missile.
>> It can intercept incoming ballistic missile at altitudes of up to 30km.
>> It is equipped with an inertial navigation system, advanced computer and an electro-mechanical activator.
Swordfish radar
>> Swordfish is a long-range tracking radar developed for the BMD system.
>> It was derived from the Israeli Green Pine long range radar.
What is endo-atmospheric and exo-atmospheric?
An endoatmospheric missile is one that remains within the earth's atmosphere, i.e., at an altitude below 100 kilometers.
Yogakarta Principles
In 2006, in response to well-documented patterns of abuse, a distinguished group of international human rights experts met in Yogyakarta, Indonesia to outline a set of international principles relating to sexual orientation and gender identity. The result was the Yogyakarta Principles: a universal guide to human rights which affirm binding international legal standards with which all States must comply. They promise a different future where all people born free and equal in dignity and rights can fulfill that precious birthright.
Why in news? recent judgement by SC on transgenders considered the Yogakarta principles
Indian Rhino Vision 2020
>> to attain a wild population of at least 3,000 greater one-horned rhinos in the Indian state of Assam - spread over seven protected areas - by the year 2020
>> partnership between Assam Forest Department, the Bodoland Territorial Council, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), the International Rhino Foundation (IRF), and the US Fish and Wildlife Service
Phase 1 of IRV 2020 was conducted from 2005 to 2008. It included intensive fieldwork to improve levels of protection for existing populations. Phase 2 began with the first rhino translocations from Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary to Manas National Park in April 2008.
It is just like a diwali rocket but bigger in size and which is guided (Missile - Self propelled guided, Rocket - self propelled unguided). A ballistic missile is only guided during the relatively brief initial powered phase of flight, whose trajectory is subsequently governed by the laws of classical mechanics, in contrast (for example) to a cruise missile which is aerodynamically guided in powered flight. wholesalesalwar , stitched salwar kameez wholesale ,
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